@article { author = {Keshavarz, Mojtaba and Yekzaman, Behdad}, title = {Amelioration of Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures by Modulators of Sigma, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, and Ryanodine Receptors in Mice}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences}, volume = {43}, number = {2}, pages = {195-201}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Shiraz University of Medical Sciences}, issn = {0253-0716}, eissn = {1735-3688}, doi = {10.30476/ijms.2018.40528}, abstract = {Background: Sigma receptors, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist, and modulators of intracellular calcium may be useful for seizure control. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the antiepileptic effects of opipramol, a sigma receptor agonist, against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice and assess ketamine and caffeine interaction with the antiepileptic effects of opipramol.Methods: PTZ (100 mg/kg) was used for the induction of seizure in 72 male albino Swiss strain of mice (n=8). Opipramole (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg), ketamine (50 mg/kg), caffeine (200 mg/kg), opipramole (20 mg/kg) plus ketamine (50 mg/kg), opipramole (20 mg/kg) plus caffeine (200 mg/kg), diazepam (5 mg/kg as a positive control), and the vehicle were administered interaperitoneally 30 minutes before the injection of PTZ. The latency was recorded for the clonic, tonic-clonic seizures, and death of animals after the injection of PTZ. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s test was used for the analysis of data. Statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS software version 23.0 and P}, keywords = {Opipramol,Sigma,Pentylenetetrazole,Ketamine,Caffeine}, url = {https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40528.html}, eprint = {https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40528_7a29df970b2c2a12996343eaa089bc41.pdf} }