2024-03-29T16:09:19Z
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=4618
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Association between Tumor Necrosis Factor- α-308 G/A Polymorphism and Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hamidreza
Tolide-ie
Hamid Reza
Tabatabaee
Eskandar
Kamali-Sarvestani
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex polygenic disease in which gene-environment interactions are important. A number of studies have investigated the association between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) -308 G/A polymorphism (substitution G→A, designated as TNF1 and TNF2) and MS susceptibility in different populations, but the results of individual studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published studies is desirable. We sought to quantitatively summarize the association between TNF-α-308 G/A polymorphism and MS. The Medline and Scopus databases were searched to identify potentially relevant case-control studies published in English journals up to January 2010. A meta-analysis of these studies was performed. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated under fixed and random effects models. Twenty-one eligible studies, comprising 2880 patients with MS and 3579 controls, were included in the meta-analysis. The overall pooled ORs (95%CI) for TNF2 versus TNF1 and TNF2 carriers (2/2+2/1) versus non-carriers (1/1) were 1.02 (0.86-1.21) and 0.99 (0.8-1.24), respectively. In the European populations, the pooled ORs (95%CI) for TNF 2/1 versus 1/1 were 0.85 (0.73-0.98), which was statistically significant. However, the other results did not support this finding. The pooled ORs (95%CI) for TNF 2/1 versus 1/1 and TNF 2/2 versus 2/1 were not statistically significant in the overall population. In addition, the pooled ORs for TNF2/2 versus TNF2/1+1/1 and TNF2/2 versus TNF1/1 were not statistically significant. Our meta-analysis does not support the role of TNF-α -308 G/A polymorphism in developing MS.
Multiple Sclerosis
Systematic review
Meta-analysis
Polygenic
Gene
2014
01
01
2
10
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39572_636cd3f0722f0379014beac7309781e3.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Intraocular Pressure Measurements by Three Different Tonometers in Children with Aphakic Glaucoma and a Thick Cornea
Mohammad Reza
Razeghinejad
Ramin
Salouti
Mohammad Reza
Khalili
Background: To evaluate the agreement in intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements by Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) and Tono-Pen XL (TXL) with the Goldmann Applanation Tonometer (GAT) and to examine corneal biomechanical properties in aphakic glaucoma patients with a central corneal thickness (CCT) >600 µ. Methods: Thirty-six eyes of aphakic glaucoma patients (group 1) and 40 eyes of normal children (group 2) were studied. The mean ORA and TXL IOP values were compared with the GAT-IOP values. Regression analyses were used to evaluate the associations between IOP and CCT, corneal hysteresis (CH), and corneal resistance factor (CRF). Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the agreement between the tonometers.Results: The mean±standard deviations of the age and male/female ratio were 16.58±5.44 and 15.75±5.04 years and 14/22 and 18/22 in group 1 and group 2, respectively. CCT in group 1 was 651.1±42 and in group 2 was 567.3±32.4. In group 1, the mean TXL (22.4, P=0.004), IOPcc (corneal compensated) (27.8, P=0.005), and IOPg (Goldmann correlated) values (28.1, P<0.0001) were greater than GAT-IOP (20.6). In group 2, only IOPg value (16.4) was higher than GAT-IOP (14.8, P=0.04). IOP reading of all the tonometers were positively and negatively associated with CRF and CH in the multiple regression analysis, respectively. Conclusion: The TXL had a greater agreement with the GAT, and the ORA overestimated IOP in aphakic glaucoma patients. The ORA and TXL seemed to be affected by CH and CRF.
Aphakia
Cornea
Intraocular pressure
Tonometry
2014
01
01
11
19
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39576_a3ab65b7f6d962535398e721e71bf983.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Effect of Follicular Fluid and Platelet-Activating Factor on Lactate Dehydrogenase C Expression in Human Asthenozoospermic Samples
Tahereh
Esmaeilpour
Mohmmad-Reza
Zarei
Soghra
Bahmanpour
Elham
Aliabadi
Ahmad
Hosseini
Mansooreh
Jaberipour
Background: Application of follicular fluid (FF) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) in artificial insemination improves sperm motility. Lactate dehydrogenase C (LDH-C) is a key enzyme for sperm motility. In this study, the effects of FF and PAF on the sperm motility index and LDH-C expression were investigated. Moreover, LDH-C expression was compared between asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic samples. Methods: The expression of LDH-C was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-RT PCR) and western blotting after it was treated with optimized concentrations of FF and PAF in twenty asthenozoospermic samples. Also, LDH-C expression was evaluated in five normozoospermic samples. Results: Samples with 75% FF and 100 nM of PAF had an increase in their percentages of progressive and slowly motile sperms and a decrease in their percentages of non-progressive and non-motile sperms. Moreover, LDH-C mRNA transcripts were not changed following PAF and FF treatment, and LDH-C protein was detected in highly progressive motile specimens treated with FF in the asthenozoospermic samples. Furthermore, LDH-C expression was more detectable in the normal sperms. Conclusion: Our results indicated that PAF had more beneficial effects than FF on sperm motility in the asthenozoospermic samples (P=0.0001), although the LDH-C expressions of the sperms were not changed significantly in both groups. We found no association between LDH-C expression and sperm motility after FF and PAF actions. This finding, however, requires further investigation. The fact that LDH-C protein was detected in the normozoospermic, but not asthenozoospermic, samples could be cited as a reason for the infertility in these patients.
Follicular fluid
Platelet-activating factor
LDH-C
Sperm Motility
Asthenozoospermia
2014
01
01
20
28
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39577_fd7b9a13031d33c6d18265d4ba1b2f13.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Skin Prick Test Reactivity to Common Aero and Food Allergens among Children with Allergy
Safoora
Hosseini
Raheleh
Shokouhi Shoormasti
Rozita
Akramian
Masoud
Movahedi
Mohammad
Gharagozlou
Negar
Foroughi
Babak
Saboury
Anoushiravan
Kazemnejad
Maryam
Mahlooji Rad
Alireza
Mahdaviani
Zahra
Pourpak
Mostafa
Moin
Background: The prevalence of allergic diseases has risen in the last decades. The objective of this study was to determine the common allergens in children via the skin prick test.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 313 allergic children (4 months to 18 years old) referred to the Asthma and Allergy Clinic of Children’s Medical Center in Tehran. A questionnaire containing demographic data and patient history was completed. The Skin Prick Test (SPT) was selected according to the patients’ history of food and/or aeroallergen sensitivity. Results: Patients (62.4% male, 37.6% female) with symptoms of asthma (n=141, 57.1%), allergic rhinitis (n=50, 20.4%), atopic dermatitis (n=29, 11.7%), and urticaria (n=20, 8.1%) were studied. Positive skin prick test to at least one allergen was 58.1%. The most prevalent allergens were tree mix (26%), Alternaria alternata (26%), weed mix (23.6%), Dermatophagoides farinae (22.9%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (22.9%), milk (21.7%), eggs (20%), and wheat flour (18.3%). Also, common allergens in the patients with different symptoms of allergic disorders were as follows: asthma (tree mix, weed mix, and Dermatophagoides farinae); allergic rhinitis (Dermatophagoides farinae, tree mix, and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus); and atopic dermatitis (Alternaria alternata, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, and cockroaches). Conclusion: Identifying allergens in each area is necessary and has an important role in the diagnosis and management of allergic disorders and possibility of performing immunotherapy. In this study, the most common aeroallergens were tree mix, Alternaria alternata, and weed mix and also the most common food allergens were milk, eggs, and wheat. Considering these data, appropriate preventive strategies can decrease the cost and morbidity of therapeutic actions.
Allergens
children
Skin test
2014
01
01
29
35
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39581_357d6188c433b054aa0160635727552c.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Several Plant Extracts and Oils against Some Gram-Negative Bacteria
Ayman
Al-Mariri
Mazen
Safi
Background: Medicinal plants are considered new resources for producing agents that could act as alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 28 plant extracts and oils against four Gram-negative bacterial species.Methods: Experimental, in vitro, evaluation of the activities of 28 plant extracts and oils as well as some antibiotics against E. coli O157:H7, Yersinia enterocolitica O9, Proteus spp., and Klebsiella pneumoniae was performed. The activity against 15 isolates of each bacterium was determined by disc diffusion method at a concentration of 5%. Microdilution susceptibility assay was used in order to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the plant extracts, oils, and antibiotics.Results: Among the evaluated herbs, only Origanum syriacum L., Thymus syriacus Boiss., Syzygium aromaticum L., Juniperus foetidissima Wild, Allium sativum L., Myristica fragrans Houtt, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum L. essential oils and Laurus nobilis L. plant extract showed anti-bacterial activity. The MIC50 values of these products against the Gram-negative organisms varied from 1.5 (Proteus spp. and K. pneumoniae( and 6.25 µl/ml (Yersinia enterocolitica O9 ) to 12.5 µl/ml (E. coli O:157). Conclusion: Among the studied essential oils, O. syriacum L., T. syriacus Boiss., C. zeylanicum L., and S. aromaticum L. essential oils were the most effective. Moreover, Cephalosporin and Ciprofloxacin were the most effective antibiotics against almost all the studied bacteria. Therefore, O. syriacum L., T. syriacus Boiss., C. zeylanicum L., and S. aromaticum L. could act as bactericidal agents against Gram-negative bacteria.
Gram-negative bacteria
antibiotic resistance
Cinnamomum zeylanicum
Syzygium aromaticum
2014
01
01
36
43
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39582_a9de8cc4b0250cf1f52162a287b5245c.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Modulatory Effect of Gonadotropins on Rats’ Ovaries after Nandrolone Decanoate Administration: A Stereological Study
Hossein
Bordbar
Fakhroddin
Mesbah
Tahereh
Talaei
Farzaneh
Dehghani
Hossein
Mirkhani
Background: Nandrolone decanoate (ND) is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) which influences the ovarian structure and function. We assessed the effects of ND on the ovarian volume, number of primordial follicles, and level of hormones and also evaluated the modulatory effects of gonadotropins on the histopathological changes imposed by the administration of ND. Methods: Six groups of Sprague-Dawley adult female rats (n=30) were used. The experimental rats were injected intraperitoneally with 3 and 10 mg/kg ND with or without human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG), 10 IU weekly for one month. The vehicle and control rats were administered olive oil and saline, respectively, for the same period of time. The ovarian volume and number of primordial follicles were estimated by stereological methods. Results: The results showed a decrease in the ovarian volume, number of primordial follicles, and level of gonadotropins in the ND-treated animals compared with the vehicle groups. In the rats treated with 3 mg/kg of ND with hMG, an increase in the ovarian volume and number of primordial follicles was shown as compared to the rats treated with the same dose of ND without hMG. Conclusion: ND exerted detrimental effects on the dimensions of the ovary, number of follicles, and level of sex hormones. However, hMG, prevented the harmful effects of ND (at least in a low dose) on the ovarian follicles.
Nandrolone decanoate
Gonadotropin
Ovary
2014
01
01
44
50
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39583_82368f308d65bace06b3773c6827ff77.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Effects of Short-term Renovascular Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes on Cardiac Functions in Rats
Ali Akbar
Nekooeian
Azadeh
Khalili
Mohammad Bagher
Khosravi
Background: The cardiac effects simultaneously occurring during experimental hypertension and diabetes have rarely been investigated. This study aimed at examining the effects of short-term renovascular hypertension and type 2 diabetes on cardiac functions. Methods: Five groups (7 each) of male Sprague-Dawley rats, including a control group, a diabetes (induced by Streptozocin and Nicotinamide) group, a renovascular hypertensive (induced by placing Plexiglas clips on the left renal arteries) group, a sham group, and a simultaneously hypertensive-diabetic group, were used. The animals’ hearts were used for isolated heart studies, and the indices of cardiac functions and coronary effluent creatine kinase MB were measured. The results were analyzed using One-way Analysis of Variance, followed by the Duncan Multiple Range test.Results: The diabetic group had a significantly lower rate of rise (-29.5%) and decrease (-36.18%) in ventricular pressure, left ventricular developed pressure (-28.8%), and rate pressure product (-35%), and significantly higher creatine kinase MB (+166%) and infarct size (+36.2%) than those of the control group. The hypertensive group had a significantly higher rate of rise (+12.17%) and decrease (+16.2%) in ventricular pressure, left ventricular developed pressure (+16%), and rate pressure product (+24%), and significantly lower creatine kinase MB (-30%) and infarct size (-27%) than those of the sham group. Simultaneously, the diabetic and hypertensive rats had a significantly higher rate of rise (+32%) and decrease (+30.2%) in ventricular pressure, left ventricular developed pressure (+17.2%), and rate pressure product (+22.2%), and significantly lower creatine kinase MB (-24%) and infarct size (-16.2%) than those of the diabetic group.Conclusion: The findings indicated that the simultaneity of hypertension with type 2 diabetes attenuated diabetes-induced cardiac impairment.
Renovascular hypertension
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cardiac functions
2014
01
01
51
59
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39584_639938eedfaeb3a8496974261235f08f.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Hypothyroidism in β-Thalassemia Intermedia Patients with and without Hydroxyurea
Omid Reza
Zekavat
Ali Reza
Makarem
Sezaneh
Haghpanah
Zohreh
Karamizadeh
Parvin
Javad
Mehran
Karimi
Hydroxyurea (HU) has been successfully used in patients with β-thalassemia intermedia (β-TI). We aimed to evaluate the effect of the long-term use of HU on thyroid function in patients with β-TI. Seventy-five patients with β-TI aged≥11 years and taking HU were randomly selected during 2010 in southern Iran. Thirty-one patients with β-TI without HU were considered as a control group. Serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and T4 were measured. The mean age of the participants was 22.7±5.1 years (age range=12-41 years). Serum ferritin level had no significant correlation with HU consumption (P>0.05). Overall, we detected 10 (9.4%) patients with hypothyroidism. We found that the use of HU at a dose of 8-15 mg/kg/day has no significant association with thyroid function in β-TI patients. However, due to the small sample size in our study, documentation of this finding needs further studies with higher numbers of patients.
Thalassemia intermedia
Hydroxyurea
Thyroid Function
2014
01
01
60
63
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39573_ec0b766d45ea9f8bb31c8b9497bcd0f1.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Urinary Melatonin Levels and Skin Malignancy
Reza
Ghaderi
Samineh
Sehatbakhsh
Mehdi
Bakhshaee
Gholam Reza
Sharifzadeh
Melatonin inhibits tumor genesis in a variety of in vivo and in vitro experimental models of neoplasia. In industrialized societies, light at night, by suppressing melatonin production, poses a new risk for the development of a variety of cancers such as breast cancer. This effect on skin has been previously studied only in animals and not in humans. Our goal was to examine the relationship between 24-hour 6-sulphatoxymelatonin levels and skin cancer in a case-control study of 70 patients with skin cancer and 70 healthy individuals. The level of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin was measured in 24-hour urine by the ELISA method. In the case group, 55 (78%) patients had basal cell carcinoma and 15 (22%) had squamous cell carcinoma. The mean level of 24-hour urine 6-sulfatoxymelatonin was significantly higher in the control group (P<0.001). Also, sleep duration had a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.001). It seems that a low level of 24-hour urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin renders human beings prone to skin cancer. This association, however, requires further investigation.
Melatonin
Skin neoplasm
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
2014
01
01
64
67
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39578_9ce7e4b5934375b03eff361345ee6ba2.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction as an Unusual Gastrointestinal Presentation in Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Mozhgan
Zahmatkeshan
Mahmood
Haghighat
Mohammad Hadi
Imanieh
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction is a condition in which the intestine’s ability to push food through is reduced. It often leads to the dilation of the various parts of the bowel. It can be idiopathic or inherited from a parent, or caused by another disease. We report a rare case of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in a 3-year-old boy who referred with acute abdominal pain, and was later diagnosed as having intestinal pseudo-obstruction caused by HIV. The underlying causes of intestinal pseudo-obstruction should be taken into account. HIV induced pseudo-obstruction may be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric intestinal pseudo-obstruction in order to provide a timely diagnosis and optimal care of children with HIV.
HIV
Intestinal pseudo-obstruction
Abdominal pain
children
2014
01
01
68
70
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39574_a2d18d4147b9919969740c2e353dd18d.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Pelvis
Zohreh
Yousefi
Nourieh
Sharifhi
Malihe
Hasanzadeh
Mansoureh
Mottaghi
Somayeh
Bolandy
The primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) belongs to a group of highly malignant tumors and is composed of small round cells of a neuroectodermal origin. Categorized in the same tumor family as Ewing sarcoma, the PNET is most likely to occur in bones and soft tissues. However, a small number of PNET cases arising in the pelvis have been reported as well. We present three cases of pelvic PNET: two cases in the ovary and one case in the broad ligament. The PNET often exhibits aggressive clinical behavior with worse outcomes than other small round cell tumors. The significant prognostic factors of the PNET include site of tumor, volume of neoplasm, and presence of metastasis. The treatment protocol is multimodal and includes local surgical treatment followed by chemotherapy. We herein describe three PNET cases as a rare entity in the pelvis. Pelvic PNETs should be included in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumors
Ewing’s sarcoma
Pelvic neoplasm
Ovary
Broad ligament
2014
01
01
71
74
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39579_e61e3015b203f2381493f9f6794295b8.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Stone Composition in Patients Who Undergo Renal Stone Surgery: Review of 423 Stone Analyses in Southern Iran
Mohammad Mehdi
Hosseini
Saeed
Shakeri
Farhad
Manaheji
Alireza
Aminsharifi
Shahrokh
Ezatzadegan
Maryam
Pakfetrat
Mitra
Basiratnia
Mahsa
Hosseini
2014
01
01
75
76
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39575_c989e7c4b4f61949f6e1b498c46a0d6e.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2014
39
1
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Vermian Lipoma
Prashant S.
Naphade
Abhishek
Keraliya
2014
01
01
77
78
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_39580_fa20f7452a8cbfb0250075b1fd11853c.pdf