Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301Assessing the Validity of Diagnostic Tests239525ENJafarHassanzadehDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranAbbasRezaianzadehDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Health and Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20131130Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301The Role of Tumor Protein 53 Mutations in Common Human Cancers and Targeting the Murine Double Minute 2–P53 Interaction for Cancer Therapy3839526ENMohammadHasanzadeh_NazarabadiDepartment of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranTayebehHamzehloieDepartment of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMajidMojarradDepartment of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranSaharShekouhiDepartment of Medical Genetics, Mashhad University of Medical Sci-ences, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20131130The gene TP53 (also known as protein 53 or tumor protein 53), encoding transcription factor P53, is mutated or deleted in half of human cancers, demonstrating the crucial role of P53 in tumor suppression. There are reports of nearly 250 independent germ line TP53 mutations in over 100 publications. The P53 protein has the structure of a transcription factor and, is made up of several domains. The main function of P53 is to organize cell defense against cancerous transformation. P53 is a potent transcription factor that is activated in response to diverse stresses, leading to the induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis or senescence. The P53 tumor suppressor is negatively regulated in cells by the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) protein. Murine double minute 2 favors its nuclear export, and stimulates its degradation. Inhibitors of the P53-MDM2 interaction might be attractive new anticancer agents that could be used to activate wild-type P53 in tumors. Down regulation of MDM2 using an small interfering RNA (siRNA) approach has recently provided evidence for a new role of MDM2 in the P53 response, by modulating the inhibition of the cyclin dependent kinase 2 (cdk2) by P21/WAF1 (also known as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 or CDK-interacting protein 1).Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301ELISA Cut-off Point for the Diagnosis of Human Brucellosis; a Comparison with Serum Agglutination Test91439527ENMohammad RezaAlaeiPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAnahitaSanaei DashtiPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAbdollahKarimiPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranVadoodJavadiPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFaridehShivaPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFatemehFallahPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranGoliAngotiPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranZahraPournasiriPediatric Infections Research Center, Mofid Children’s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20131130Background: Brucellosis is a world-wide disease, which has a diverse clinical manifestation, and its diagnosis has to be proven by laboratory data. Serum agglutination test (SAT) is the most-widely used test for diagnosing brucellosis. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) can also determine specific antibody classes against brucella. It is a sensitive, simple and rapid test, which could be an acceptable alternative to SAT with fewer limitations, however, like any other new test it should be further evaluated and standardized for various populations. This study was planned to determine an optimal cut-off point, for ELISA which would offer maximum sensitivity and specificity for the test when compared to SAT.<br /> Methods: Four hundred and seven patients with fever and other compatible symptoms of brucellosis were enrolled in the study. Serum agglutination test, 2-Mercaptoethanol test, and ELISA were performed on their sera.<br /> Results: The cut-off point of 53 IU/ml of ELISA-IgG yielded the maximal sensitivity and specificity comparing to the other levels of ELISA-IgG, and was considered the best cut off-point of ELISA-IgG to diagnose acute brucellosis. At this cut-off, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were 84.09%, 85.38%, 62.20, 94.90, 5.75, 0.18, respectively.<br /> Conclusion: The best cut-off point of ELISA-IgG is 53 IU/ml, which yields the maximal sensitivity and specificity to diagnose acute brucellosis.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301The effects of Adding Meperidine to Heavy Intrathecal Lidocaine on Hemodynamic Changes and Blood Loss in Open Prostatectomy: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial152239531ENAbdolrezaNajafi AnarakiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranMohamadzakiAbbasiDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranAbdolrasoulAnvarypourDepartment of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranNiloofarMotamedDepartment of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranJournal Article20131130Background: Clinical investigations have reported several anesthetic properties of intrathecal injections of meperidine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding meperidine to intrathecal heavy lidocaine on hemodynamic changes and blood loss in patients undergoing elective suprapubic open prostatectomy.<br /> Methods: In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 77 patients candidate for elective suprapubic open prostatectomy were allocated to two equal groups. All patients in the control and experimental groups received heavy lidocaine intrathecally. A low dose of meperidine was added to lidocaine in the experiment group. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate were measured and documented in several intervals. Blood loss, transfusion rate, shivering, nausea, vomiting, need to an analgesic drug, and transient neurologic symptoms were also recorded.<br /> Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups in regards to blood pressure changes in operating room. Blood pressure increase was more prevalent among patients of the control group immediately in post-operating period. There were significantly (P<0.0001) less postoperative bleeding and need to transfusion in the experimental group.
Conclusion: Adding low dose of meperidine to lidocaine induces minimal effect on blood pressure change in operating room, but prevent increasing of blood pressure in postoperative period with a reduction of bleeding. Trial Registration Number: IRCT138903061936N2Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301The Prediction of Physical Activity Intention and Behavior in Elderly Male Residents of a Nursing Home: A Comparison of Two Behavioral Theories233139533ENLeilaGhahremaniDepartment of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health & Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0001-5636-6974ShamsaddinNiknamiDepartment of Health Education, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IranMahinNazariDepartment of Education and Health Promotion, School of Health & Nutrition, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20131130Background: Regular physical activity is ranked as a leading health indicator. Despite the extensive benefits of physical activity, elder people are much less active than desired. Using Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the self-efficacy construct, this study examined the prediction of physical activity intention and behavior in a sample of elderly male resident of a nursing home.<br /> Methods: In a cross-sectional study of the residents of Kahrizak Nursing Home in Tehran, Iran, elderly men who were 60 years or older, capable of independent living, mobility, and verbal communication were asked to complete measures of the TPB, self-efficacy and physical activity behavior.<br /> Results: A hierarchical step-wise multiple regression analysis indicated that affective/instrumental attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) explained 32.8% of the variance in physical activity intention, and self-efficacy provided an additional 2.7%. In a reverse step regression, the TPB variables explained an additional 12.2% of physical activity intention. In a multiple regression analysis on physical activity behavior, affective/instrumental attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and intention explained 15.7% of the variance in physical activity behavior while self-efficacy contributed an additional 5.6%. In the reverse step regression, TPB predictors contributed an additional 3.0% in explaining the variance in physical activity behavior.<br /> Conclusion: The results indicate that in addition to the TPB, self-efficacy may also play an important role in the prediction of behavior, and should be included in the design of physical activity programs for elderly men of nursing home residents.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301Psychometric Properties and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in a Sample of Iranian Women32383953410.30476/ijms.2012.39534ENNasrinMasaeliPsychologist, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranGholam RezaKheirabadiDepartment of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Research Center,Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMohammad RezaMaracyDepartment of Epidemiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranSaharAkbaripourPsychologist, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20131130Background: Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been used as a reliable screening tool for postpartum depression in many countries. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties and diagnostic accuracy of the EPDS in a sample of Iranian women. Methods: Using stratified sampling 262 postpartum women (2 weeks-3 months after delivery) were selected from urban and rural health center in the city of Isfahan. They were interviewed using EPDS and Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS). Data were assessed using factor analysis, diagnosis analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The age of then participants ranged 18-45 years (26.6±5.1). Based on a cut-off point of >13 for HDRS, 18.3% of the participants. The overall reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of EPDS was 0.79. There was a significant correlation (r2=0.60, P value<0.01) between EPDS and HDRS. Two factor analysis showed that anhedonia and depression were two explanatory factors. At a cut-off point12 the sensitivity of the question-naire was 78% (95% CI: 73%-83%) and its specificity was 75% (95% CI: 72%-78%). Conclusion: The Persian version of the EPDS showed appropriate psychometric properties diagnostic accuracy index. It can be used by health system professionals for detection, assess-ment and treatment for mothers with post partum depression.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301The Effects of Piper Sarmentosum Water Extract on the Expression and Activity of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in the Bones with Excessive Glucocorticoids394639535ENFarihahHj SuhaimiDepartment of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaElvy SuhanaMohd RamliDepartment of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaIma NirwanaSoelaimanDepartment of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaFaizahOthmanDepartment of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaFairusAhmadDepartment of Anatomy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaAhmadNazrun ShuibDepartment of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaNorazlinaMohamedDepartment of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaNorlizaMuhammadDepartment of Pharmacology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, WP, MalaysiaJournal Article20131130Background: Long-term glucocorticoid therapy causes secondary osteoporosis leading to pathological fractures. Glucocorticoid action in bone is dependant upon the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme (11β-HSD1). Piper sarmentosum<br /> is a local herb that possesses the ability to inhibit 11-βHSD1 enzyme activity. We aimed to determine the effects of Piper sarmentosum water extract on 11-βHSD1 expressions and activity in the bones of glucocorti-coid-treated adrenalectomized rats.<br /> Methods: Forty male Sprague–Dawley rats (200-250 g) were used. Twenty-four animals were adrenalectomized and received intramuscular injection of dexamethasone (120 μg/kg/day). They were simultaneously administered with either Piper sarmentosum water extract (125 mg/kg/day), GCA (120 mg/kg/day) or distilled water as vehicle by oral gavage for two months. Eight animals were sham-operated and given vehicle daily, i.e. intramuscular olive oil and oral distilled water.<br /> Results: Following two months treatment, dexamethasone-treated adrenalectomized rats had significantly lower 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity and higher 11β-HSD1 expression in the femoral bones compared to the sham-operated and baseline group. The rats supplemented with Piper sarmentosum water extract had significantly higher 11β-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity and lower 11β-HSD1 expression in the bones.<br /> Conclusion: The results showed that Piper sarmentosum water extract had the ability to prevent glucocorcoticoid excess in the bones of glucocorticoid-treated adrenalectomized rats through the local modulation of 11β-HSD1 expression and activity, and may be used as prophylaxis for osteoporosis in patients on long-term glucocorticoid treatment.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301HESA-A Exerts Its Cytoprotective Effects through Scavenging of Free Radicals: An in Vitro Study475339536ENMohammad AliShokrgozarNational Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranMehryarHabibi RoudkenarBlood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IranParisaBahmaniBlood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IranRahelehHalabianBlood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, IranAmanehMohammadi RoushandehDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Hamadan, Hamadan, IranAliJahanian NajafabadiDepartment of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20131130Background: Natural medicines have been recently considered more reasonable for human use most notably due to their safety and tolerance. HESA-A is a marine-originated herbal medicine with a variety of healing effects. However, its exact biological mechanism is not clear. The pre-sent study aimed at the evaluation of the HESA-A antioxidant effect.<br /> Methods: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells were treated with different concentrations of HESA-A and H2O2 followed by cell proliferation assays. The antioxidant effect of the HESA-A preparations was evaluated by an antioxidant assay kit.<br /> Results: The viability of CHO and HEK293T cells were about 89% following their incubation with 100 and 200 ng/ml HESA-A, respectively for 1.5 hrs. However, when the cells were incubated with concentrations of 300 ng/ml or more, the cell viability significantly decreased to 48% compare to the control cells. The cytotoxic effects of H2O2 were observed after 2 hrs of incubation of the HEK293T or CHO cells with 10 mM or 16 mM H2O2, respectively, while in the presence of HESA-A the cytotoxicity was significantly decreased. Antioxidant assay revealed that HESA-A scavenges free radicals.<br /> Conclusion: The findings indicate that HESA-A had cytoprotective effects in vitro, and that such an effect might be due to antioxidant properties.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301Tilt Table Practice Improved Ventilation in a Patient with Prolonged Artificial Ventilation Support in Intensive Care Unit545739528ENVikramMohanDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara, Puncak Alam, Selangor, MalaysiaAsiah MHashimDepartment of Physiotherapy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaLeonard HJosephPhysiotherapy Program, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaJuleidaEmbongDepartment of Physiotherapy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaZalilaKasimDepartment of Physiotherapy, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaJournal Article20131130Patients who are on prolonged ventilator support in critical care unit present wide variety of complications, which range from reduction in oxygen uptake to various musculoskeletal impair-ments. Early mobilization and rehabilitation are encouraged to manage these complications effectively. Use of tilt table to motivate early mobilization in the intensive care unit for ventilator practices is not a usual practice. However, this new technique has attracted involvements of clinicians and therapists for its therapeutic benefits to the patient. Herein we describe a case of a seventy eight-year-old male patient who suffered Motor car accident, and was on ventilator support in intensive care unit for more than one month. He underwent treatment using a tilt table protocol with other routine treatment, which benefited him based on clinical as well as physiological variables. For practitioners in intensive care units, this report may offer perceptivity into the alternate practice of early mobilization using tilt table, and for investigators it may promote interest for further studies.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301Thrombolytic Therapy for Cerebral Vein Thrombosis in Antiphospholipid Syndrome Secondary to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus586139532ENHamidNoshadDepartment of Nephrology, Sina Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranMehrzadHajialiloDepartment of Rheumatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranRezaMohammadianDepartment of Interventional Neurology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranAli RezaKhabbaziDepartment of Rheumatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranMohammad HosseinDaghighiDepartment of Radiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranParvizSalehDepartment of Infectious Disease, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranJournal Article20131130A 20-year-old woman was admitted to a Gynecology Hospital in her 6th month of pregnancy for high blood pressure and tonic-clonic seizure. Primary diagnosis was eclampsia, and for that reason she underwent cesarean section. She also had headache on frontal and parietal areas without nausea or vomiting. There was not a focal neurological sign. Rheumatology consultation was requested. Systemic lupus erythematosus and secondary antiphospholipid (APS) was confirmed. The patient had headache that continued several days after cesarean section, therefore, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) were performed, and cerebral vein thrombosis was documented. Distal segment of right lateral sinus and sigmoid sinus were not appeared in brain MRV. Abnormal hypersignal intensity of right lateral sinus/coronal T2 was detected. Thrombolytic therapy with 20 mg tissue plasminogen activator on right sigmoid and transverse sinus was performed by an interventional neurologist. After this procedure, the patient#s headache healed and she was discharged in a good condition.Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301Current Status of Publications of Cardiovascular Interventions in Iran; a PubMed-Based Study626339529ENMahmoudEbrahimiDepartment of Interventional Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranSeyyed Mohammad RezaKazemi-BajestaniRadboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, NetherlandsJournal Article20131130Shiraz University of Medical SciencesIranian Journal of Medical Sciences0253-071637120120301An “Airy” Image646539530ENKiranH.SDepartment of General Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka State, India0000-0002-6070-6529Sudharshana MurthyK.ADepartment of General Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka State, IndiaBalajiBDepartment of General Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS University, Mysore, Karnataka State, IndiaJournal Article20131130