Prevalence of Hypercholesterolemia, High LDL, and Low HDL in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mehdi
Akbartabar Toori
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
author
Faezeh
Kiani
Student Research Committee, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
author
Fatemeh
Sayehmiri
Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Kourosh
Sayehmiri
Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
author
Yousof
Mohsenzadeh
Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
author
Rahim
Ostovar
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
author
Parvin
Angha
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
author
Yazdan
Mohsenzadeh
Department of Paramedical Sciences, Faculty of Emergency Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Chronic and abnormal increase of different types of dyslipidemia leads to some important diseases, such as constriction and abstraction of vessels in various parts of the body, especially in the heart. High lipid profile, such as increased total cholesterol and LDL as well as decreased HDL are recognized as cardiovascular disease risk factors. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different types of dyslipidemia in Iran by a meta-analysis method.Methods: A literature search for studies published during 1998-2015 was carried out using both Persian and English databases (SID, Magiran, IranMedex, MedLib, PubMed, and Scopus). Keywords such as lipid, dyslipidemia, CVD, cardiovascular risk factors, hypercholesterolemia, high LDL-C, low HDL-C, and prevalence were used in the search. Random-effects model was used for the analysis using STATA (version 11.2).Results: In total, 163 articles were identified of which 49 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The estimated prevalence (95% confidence interval) of eligible articles for high cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl and ≥240 mg/dl was 42% (95% CI: 38-45) and 17% (95% CI: 14-20), respectively. Moreover, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) for high LDL-C ≥130 mg/dl and ≥160 mg/dl was 40% (95% CI: 32-48) and 19% (95% CI: 16-23), respectively. The pooled prevalence estimate for low HDL-C (
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
449
465
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40561_e0899afb917dc08ce887330e2964733a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40561
Assessment of Subclinical Myocardial Changes in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography
Mahmood
Zamirian
Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Ehsan
Samiee
Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Alireza
Moaref
Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Firoozeh
Abtahi
Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Maryam
Tahamtan
Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Considering the association between cardiac abnormalities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between biopsy-proven NAFLD and functional echocardiographic parameters, including left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS) in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: Thirty asymptomatic patients with liver biopsy-proven NAFLD and the same number with no evidence of fatty liver in ultrasonography were enrolled in the study as cases and controls, respectively. The measured echocardiographic parameters included LV ejection fraction (LVEF), LV end-systolic and end-diastolic dimensions (ESD, EDD), LV end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (ESV, EDV), E/e’ ratio (early-diastolic mitral inflow velocity/early-diastolic myocardial velocity), E/A ratio (early-diastolic mitral inflow velocity/late-diastolic mitral inflow velocity), and GLS. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (version 18.0) by performing the independent t test, Chi-square, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests. P values
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
466
472
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40559_3f2c5130d66944e0859db9c2bc1443b1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40559
Human Amniotic Membrane Effect on Perianal Fistula Healing in Rabbits: An Experimental Study
Mohammad
Rafati
Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Seyed Vahid
Hosseini
Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Farid
Moradian
Department of Surgery, Yasouj University of Medical Sciences, Yasouj, Iran
author
Mozhdeh
Zamani
Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
Hajar
Khazraei
Colorectal Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
Maral
Mokhtari
Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Perianal fistula is a complicated disorder and most difficult to manage. New treatment methods would help surgeons to achieve a better outcome in patients with perianal fistula. Human amniotic membrane (HAM) has positive effects on wound healing in several conditions. The present study aimed to further determine the effect of HAM on wound healing of perianal fistula in rabbits.Methods: In a prospective experimental study, 14 male rabbits (aged 4-6 months and weighing 3-4 kg) were randomly divided into 2 groups. After 12 weeks, the high type perianal fistula was repaired with endorectal flap (ERF) and ERF plus HAM in the control and case groups, respectively. In all rabbits of the case group, a 1×1 cm width wrap of HAM was applied and fixed around the ERF site. Three weeks later, the repaired site of the perianal fistula was sent for pathologic wound healing scoring. The results were analyzed with the SPSS 21.0 software using Mann-Whitney test. Results: Six rabbits of each group survived the study period. There was a statistically significant difference in wound healing between the case and control groups (P<0.001). Wound healing process in the case group occurred better and faster than the control group.Conclusion: HAM has an effective role in enhancing the ERF procedure and considered appropriate. A combination of HAM with other methods is recommended.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
473
478
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40566_a27198abb2315b20e0f1194a1fcb29d8.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40566
Safety Assessment of Mentha mozaffarianii Essential Oil: Acute and Repeated Toxicity Studies
Dorsa
Daneshbakhsh
Herbal Medicines Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Jinous
Asgarpanah
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; and Department of Pharmacology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Parvaneh
Najafizadeh
Department of Pharmacology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
Tayebeh
Rastegar
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Zahra
Mousavi
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Mentha mozaffarianii, an endemic species from the Labiatae family, is used in Iranian traditional medicine. This study evaluated the acute and repeated oral toxicity of the Mentha mozaffarianii essential oil (MMEO) in rats and mice. Methods: To assess the toxicity profile of the MMEO, we administered the essential oil to 48 rats and mice of both sexes by gavage in acute and repeated models. In acute toxicity, the animals were administered the MMEO (2000 mg/kg) and were monitored for 14 days. In the repeated toxicity, the MMEO was administered (100 mg/kg) daily for 4 weeks. On the 28th day, all the animals were scarified and blood and tissue samples were prepared. All the clinical, biochemical, and histopathological changes were assessed and compared with those in the controls. Statistical significance was determined by one- and two-way analyses of variance, followed by the Tukey test using GraphPad Prism 6. Results: In the acute test, there was no mortality; therefore, the oral LD50 value determined in the mice and rats of both sexes was greater than 2000 mg/kg. In the repeated test, the animals received the MMEO and there was no mortality. In the biochemical analysis, there were significant increases in blood glucose, cholesterol, ALT, AST, ALP, and TSH in the female rats and also in BUN in the male rats. The histopathological studies revealed evidence of microscopic lesions in the liver, kidney, stomach, and small intestine tissues of the MMEO group. Conclusion: The results indicated that the acute toxicity of the MMEO in the mice and rats was of a low order and it revealed slight tissue damage to several organs when given subchronically at a dose of 100 mg/kg.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
479
486
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40568_bb86fbce4b114444589966510bdbc0df.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40568
Prevalence of Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes in Enterococcus Strains in Kermanshah, Iran
Fatemeh
Amini
Department of Medical Microbiology, Research Assistant in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Hasan Ali
Krimpour
Department of Anesthesiology, Medical Faculty, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Mahdi
Ghaderi
Department of Microbiology, Boroujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd, Iran
author
Siavash
Vaziri
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Shirin
Ferdowsi
Department of Hematology, Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran; and Kurdistan Blood Transfusion Organization, Sanandaj, Iran
author
Mohsen
Azizi
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
author
Sabrieh
Amini
Department of Biology, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of aminoglycoside resistance and the prevalence of the resistance-modifying enzyme genes, ant(3”)-III, ant(6’)-Ia, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2”)-Ia, and aph(2’)-Id, in Enterococcus strains isolated in Kermanshah Province, west of Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 108 enterococcal isolates from urine, wound, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid samples were collected. The Enterococcus species were recognized by standard phenotypic/biochemical tests. The antimicrobial resistance forms were detected using a disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction was designed to identify aminoglycoside resistance genes, including ant(3”)-III, ant(6’)-Ia, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2”)-Ia, and aph(2’)-Id.Results: Totally, 108 strains with a final diagnosis of Enterococcus were extracted from 84 (77.8%) urine, 14 (13%) wound, 6 (5.6%) blood, and 4 (3.7%) cerebrospinal fluid samples. Among the 108 Enterococcus specimens, 94 (87%) cases were Enterococcus faecalis and 14 (13%) were Enterococcus faecium. The highest frequency of resistance was observed for erythromycin (88.9%), while the lowest was found for streptomycin (44.4%). The frequency of high-level gentamicin resistance was 42.2%. Among the identified specimens, 42.6% contained the aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2”)-I gene, 20.4% contained the ant(6’)-Ia gene, and 15.7% contained the ant(3”)-III gene. A significant correlation was found between phenotypic gentamicin resistance and the presence of the aminoglycoside resistance genes (P<0.05). Conclusion: This study showed the high resistance of Enterococcus strains isolated from hospital samples. Compared with the previous studies, the strains isolated in our study showed a higher percentage of resistance to aminoglycosides.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
487
493
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40569_d134bd98379362fa2032dc86e274fdb0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40569
National Minimum Data Set for Antimicrobial Resistance Management: Toward Global Surveillance System
Reza
Safdari
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Marjan
Ghazi Saeedi
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Hossein
Masoumi-Asl
Center for Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
author
Peyman
Rezaei-Hachesu
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Kayvan
Mirnia
Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
Niloofar
Mohammadzadeh
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Taha
Samad-Soltani
Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Success of infection treatment depends on the availability of accurate, reliable, and comprehensive data, information, and knowledge at the point of therapeutic decision-making. The identification of a national minimum data set will support the development and implementation of an effective surveillance system. The goal of this study was to develop a national antimicrobial resistance surveillance minimum data set. Methods: In this cross-sectional and descriptive study, data were collected from selected pioneering countries and organizations which have national or international antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems. A minimum data set checklist was extracted and validated. The ultimate data elements of the minimum data set were determined by applying the Delphi technique.Results: Through the Delphi technique, we obtained 80 data elements in 8 axes. The resistance data categories comprised basic, clinical, electronic reporting, infection control, microbiology, pharmacy, World Health Organization-derived, and expert-recommended data. Relevance coding was extracted based on the Iranian electronic health record coding system. Conclusion: This study provides a set of data elements and a schematic framework for the implementation of an antimicrobial resistance surveillance system. A uniform minimum data set was created based on key informants’ opinions to cover essential needs in the early implementation of a global antimicrobial resistance surveillance system in Iran.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
494
505
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40570_2ec13e04937b79ed5fc143f84d7e1fbc.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40570
Effects of Two-by-Two Combination Therapy with Valproic Acid, Lithium Chloride, and Celecoxib on the Angiogenesis of the Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane
Ehsan
Afzal
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences
and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Sedigheh
Alinezhad
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences
and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Marjan
Khorsand
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences
and Technology Research Center, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Mohammad Javad
Khoshnood
School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Mohammad Ali
Takhshid
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: The synergistic effects of valproic acid (VPA), lithium (Li), and celecoxib (CX) have been shown in combination therapy against the proliferation and metastasis of numerous cancers. Angiogenesis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and metastasis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiangiogenic effects of VPA, lithium chloride (LiCl), and CX, alone or in 2-by-2 combinations, using the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay.Methods: Fertilized chicken eggs were randomly divided into 10 groups: control, VPA (1.8 and 3.6 µmol/CAM), Li (0.15 and 0.60 µmol/CAM), CX (0.02 and 0.08 µmol/CAM), VPA+Li, VPA+CX, and CX+Li (n=10 per group). A window was made on the eggshells and the CAMs were exposed to a filter disk containing VPA, LiCl, and CX, alone or in 2-by-2 combinations. The control CAMs were treated with distilled water (vehicle). Three days after the treatment, the number of vessel branch points was counted in each CAM. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 15.One-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey tests, was used to compare the groups. A P
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
506
513
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40571_bbbcf53266e8584abd8279eacc2b0e0b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40571
Captopril Attenuates Diazinon-Induced Oxidative Stress: A Subchronic Study in Rats
Asieh
Karimani
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; and Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
author
Yasaman
Mamashkhani
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Amir
Moghadam Jafari
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Masoumeh
Akbarabadi
Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
Mohammad
Heidarpour
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate pesticide commonly used for pest control in agriculture. It may engender a variety of negative effects in non-target species, including humans and animals. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative properties of captopril (CAP), as a thiol containing an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, against DZN-induced oxidative stress. Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 4 groups. All the rats were treated orally via gavage once a day for 7 weeks: control (corn oil), CAP (10 mg/kg), DZN (10 mg/kg), and CAP+DZN combination (as mentioned above). Oxidative stress indices in blood serum, liver and kidney homogenates (malondialdehyde [MDA], total thiol groups, and total antioxidant capacity), and erythrocyte hemolysis (superoxide dismutase [SOD] and glutathione peroxidase) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software, version 6.0 (GraphPad, San Diego, CA, USA), by ANOVA, followed by the Tukey post hoc analysis. Results: The MDA content and SOD activity increased significantly in the DZN group compared with those in the control group. Treatment with CAP in the DZN-exposed group significantly decreased (P<0.05) the MDA concentration and the SOD activity. The total thiol groups were decreased in the DZN group and elevated again by CAP treatment. Conclusion: The co-administration of CAP and DZN was able to attenuate lipid peroxidation and enzyme changes caused by DZN.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
514
522
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40572_31517bd37d33a78b327ab9c72bf08034.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40572
9-cis-Retinoic Acid and 1,25-dihydroxy Vitamin D3 Improve the Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells into Oligodendrocytes through the Inhibition of the Notch and Wnt Signaling Pathways
Saeedeh
Saeb
Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
Hassan
Azari
Neural Stem Cell and Regenerative Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Anatomical Sciences and Shiraz Stem Cell Institute, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Zohreh
Mostafavi-Pour
Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
Amir
Ghanbari
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Yasuj University of Medical sciences, Yasuj, Iran
author
Sepideh
Ebrahimi
Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
Pooneh
Mokarram
Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran;
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Differentiating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes could be improved by inhibiting signaling pathways such as Wnt and Notch. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) can ameliorate oligodendrogenesis. We investigated whether they could increase oligodendrogenesis by inhibiting the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways.Methods: Cortical neural stem cells were isolated from 14-day-old rat embryos and cultured using the neurosphere assay. The cells were treated in 4 different conditions for 1 week: the negative control group received only the basic fibroblast growth factor, the positive control group received only T3 without growth factors, the RA group was treated with 9-cis-RA, and the Vit D3 group was treated with 1,25(OH)2D3. The effects of 9-cis-RA and 1,25(OH)2D3 on the level of the myelin basic protein (MBP) and the gene expression of the SOX10, MBP gene, HES5, and LRP6 were studied using flow cytometry and real-time PCR. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with GraphPad Prism. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mRNA expressions of the SOX10, MBP, and MBP gene were significantly increased in the treated groups compared with the negative control group; the increase was similar in the 9-cis-RA group and the positive control group. Furthermore, 9-cis-RA significantly decreased the expression of the HES5 gene, a Notch signaling pathway transcription factor, and 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly reduced the expression of the LRP6 gene, a Wnt signaling pathway co-receptor. Conclusion: It seems that 9-cis-RA and 1,25(OH)2D3 are good candidates to improve the differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
523
532
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40573_b201afc9f11c127222a9469d0166fc34.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40573
An Effective Concentration of 5-Aza-CdR to Induce Cell Death and Apoptosis in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Line through Reactivating RASSF1A and Up-Regulation of Bax Genes
Mehdi
Nikbakht Dastjerdi
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Asaad
Azarnezhad
Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran; and Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Batool
Hashemibeni
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Mansour
Salehi
Department of Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran
author
Mohammad
Kazemi
Department of Molecular Biology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Iran
author
Zahra
Babazadeh
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; and Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of MedicalSciences, Babol, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Background: Promoter hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes is a common event that occurs in cancer. As methylation is a reversible modification, agents capable of reversing an abnormal methylation status should help to combat cancer. 5-Aza-CdR is a DNA methyl-transferase inhibitor. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5-Aza-CdR on the proliferation of human pancreatic cancer cell line (PANC-1) and the expression of RASSF1A and Bax genes.Methods: PANC-1 cells were cultured and treated with 5 and 10 µM/L of 5-Aza-CdR for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours and the percentages of cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT and flow cytometry. RASSF1A gene promoter methylation was assessed by methyl-specific primer-PCR (MSP-PCR) and the expression of RASSF1A and Bax genes was measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). All quantitative data are presented as mean±SD (standard deviation). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the LSD post hoc test was performed for statistical analysis using the SPSS software package, version 16.0. Results: 3-[4,5-dimethythiaziazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazoliumbr omide (MTT) assay revealed that 5-Aza-CdR significantly inhibit the growth and proliferation of PANC-1. The flow cytometry results showed over 40% and 70% of early and late apoptotic cells after treatment with 5 and 10 µm/L of 5-Aza-CdR, respectively. MSP-PCR data indicated that the treatment of cells with 10 µm/L 5-Aza-CdR resulted in partial demethylation of RASSF1A gene promoter. qPCR results showed significant re-expression of RASSF1A and up-regulation of Bax genes after 96 hours treatment of cells with 10 µm/L 5-Aza-CdR versus control cells (P<0.01).Conclusion: The result demonstrated that 5 and 10 µM of 5-Aza-CdR induce cell death and apoptosis by epigenetic reactivation of RASSF1A and up-regulation of Bax genes.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
533
540
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40574_faf0597044e3191a172eb04e1160ff73.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40574
Comparing Human Sperm Quality Preserved at Two Different Temperatures; Effect of Trolox, Coenzyme Q10 and Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate
Sara
Keshtgar
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Shekufeh
Bagheri
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Bahareh
Ebrahimi
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Cooling method was proposed to maintain the sperm quality for several days. Nevertheless, during this procedure, sperm is encountered to “cold shock”, and its quality decreases time-dependently. This study was designed to improve the in vitro sperm preservation methods. Thirty normal semen samples were examined in Shiraz, Iran, 2017. Fifteen samples were incubated at 22-27 °C and 15 samples were cooled moderately to 4 °C. Each sample was divided into five subgroups; control, solvent, 200 μM Trolox, 40 μM Coenzyme Q10, and 10 mM ATP. ATP was added only 15 minutes before the analysis. Assessments of motility parameters and sperm viability were done every 24 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16 software. The differences between two main groups and subgroups were compared by t test and one-way ANOVA, respectively. The effect of time was analyzed by repeated measurement test. Sperm motility and viability were the same in both groups until 24 hours, except the straight line velocity was greater in the cold group. Even after 48 hours, progressive motility and sperm velocity, but not viability, were still the same. The greatest reduction in progressive motility occurred on the second day; and after 72 hours, sperm quality was better preserved in 22-27 °C. Treatment with Trolox, coenzyme-Q10, and extracellular ATP did not have effect on sperm quality. Cold temperature is recommended for in-vitro sperm preservation up to 24 hours, and 22-27 °C is preferred for longer time storage. The sperm does not need antioxidant therapy for quality maintenance, but the extender media must be supplied with nutrients and antibiotics.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
541
545
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40562_533f7e7f94ad26a853a692aea4c827cb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40562
A Case of Multi-Ulcerative Abscess Due to Brucella abortus in Kerman, South East of Iran
Naser
Shahabi Nejad
Department of Infectious Diseases, Seyyed-al-Shohada Hospital, Kerman, Iran
author
Nasim
Eftekhari
Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
author
Shayan
Shahabi Nejad
Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
author
text
article
2018
eng
Cutaneous involvement is an unusual complication in brucellosis that has been reported to range between 0.4% and 17%. We here introduce a 40-year-old shepherd, who presented with two ulcerative abscesses in his lower left leg. Cultivation of the abscess aspirate was positive for Brucella abortus. The first titer of his serological test was 1/160, which subsequently rose to 1/640. In countries like Iran where brucellosis is still endemic, it is important to take Brucella species into account among other pyogenic bacteria as a causative agent of cutaneous abscesses.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
546
549
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40560_e7ff5765d1a42e58cad6bd2eae660f92.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40560
Treatment of the Mirror Foot with Central Ray Resection: Report of 2 Cases
Gholam Hossain
Shahcheraghi
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Mahzad
Javid
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Bone and Joint Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
The mirror foot is a rare congenital foot anomaly which is often associated with 6- to 8-toed polydactyly. Postaxial polydactyly is the most common form of this anomaly, while central polydactyly is seen infrequently. We report on 2 cases of the central mirror-foot anomaly. Calcaneus duplication and fibular hypoplasia were present in 1 case. We treated both patients by resecting the middle foot rays and narrowing the foot width through cuneiform excision and use of cerclage wires or heavy suture approximation of the remaining adjacent rays. In the mirror foot, the old and more common treatment was the resection of the border extra toes or rays. Central-ray amputation with dorsal and plantar incisions and narrowing the foot with soft-tissue reduction and cuneiform excision confer excellent functional and cosmetic results.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
550
553
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40565_6e6d3a70f377a0052c717ac8e956d1ca.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40565
First Iranian Experience of the Minimally Invasive Nuss Procedure for Pectus Excavatum Repair: A Case Series and Literature Review
Hamidreza
Davari
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
Mohammad Bagher
Rahim
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
Reza
Ershadi
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
Shahab
Rafieian
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
Parviz
Mardani
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Surgery Ward, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
author
Mohammad Rahim
Vakili
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
Ahmad
Shirinzadeh
General Thoracic Surgeon, General Thoracic Surgery Ward, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital deformity of the chest wall. The most frequently used techniques include Ravitch (costochondral resection) and Nuss (minimally invasive pectus repair of pectus excavatum [MIRPE]). The Nuss technique includes using temporary metallic bars without costochondral resection to correct the chest wall deformity. Modified MIRPE can be learned easily and performed safely with few complications. There are no reports of successful MIRPE in Iran, although the Ravitch technique is well known. In the present study, we report the first Iranian experience with the modified Nuss procedure in 5 patients with pectus excavatum (age range=13–48 y). All the patients suffered from low self-esteem, and one of them complained of low exercise capacity and occasional chest pain. With single-lung ventilation and sternal elevation, an introducer was entered into the right thoracic cavity and retrosternal tunneling was performed under thoracoscopic vision. The introducer was passed to the left thoracic cavity and exited on the left thoracic wall. A titanium plate bar was implanted and fixed with stabilizers. There were no cases of mortality, and all the patients were discharged in good conditions within 2 weeks. Postoperative complications consisted of 1 case of pneumothorax and 2 cases of fixed bar protrusion. The present case series indicated that a skilled thoracoscopic surgeon is able to do the Nuss procedure in Iranian patients with symmetrical pectus excavatum with few complications. However, mixed or redo cases require more expertise.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
554
559
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40567_2a4d5b8a517ce5bdeb254c710c191c1d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40567
First Report of the Isolation of Nocardia thailandica from the Bronchoalveolar Lavage of a Patient in Iran
Samaneh
Bourbour
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Masoud
Keikha
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
Jamshid
Faghri
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2018
eng
Nocardiae are Gram-positive, filamentous, aerobic, relatively slow-growing, and weakly acid-fast bacteria which cause nocardiosis in humans. We describe a 53-year-old patient with chronic bronchitis referred to Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan. A bronchial washing sample was taken from the patient. A Nocardia-like microorganism was detected in microscopic evaluation. Based on the phenotypic and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolate was identified as Nocardia thailandica. The patient was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and linezolid. This is the first report of the isolation of Nocardia thailandica from Iran.
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
560
563
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40564_af57568f7c63952ed67aeb05a54b06ac.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40564
Experimental Treatment of a Suspected Case of Mycetoma Based on Dot-in-Circle Sign
Pankaj
Nepal
Metropolitan hospital Center, NY, USA
author
Saeed Intakhab
Alam
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
author
Narendra
Adhikari
Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
author
Neeta
Ghimire
Parco HealthCare, Doha, Qatar
author
Vijayanadh
Ojili
University of Texas Health, San-Antonio, Texas, USA
author
Arash
Yousefi
Metropolitan hospital Center, NY, USA
author
text
article
2018
eng
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
43
v.
5
no.
2018
564
566
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_40563_1ba824423e6afe40f8036dd3425986b1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2018.40563