2024-03-29T00:57:24Z
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5128
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Iran and Asia; A Mini Review
Davood
Mehrabani
Ali Reza
Safarpour
Seyed Vahid
Hosseini
The prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is set to stabilize in Western Europe and North America, as opposed to its increasing trend in developing countries in Asia. The epidemiology of IBDs in areas where the incidence and prevalence are relatively low provides an opportunity for researchers to determine the unknown aspects of them. In this review article, the PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched from 1970 to 2012 and the epidemiological aspects assessed in Iranian articles were compared with identical subjects in other Asian countries. During this period, there were 21 documented articles on IBD epidemiology in Iran and 52 in Asia. According to the present review, CTLA-gene polymorphism and male/female ratio in ulcerative colitis (UC), incidence of extra-intestinal manifestations, extent of intestinal involvement, and family history in both UC and Crohn's disease (CD) seemed to be different between Asia and Iran. In contrast, the incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis in IBD patients and association between NO2/CARD15 mutation and CD as C3435-T allele and UC were nearly the same. The rate of IBD has increased significantly in Iran, as has that of other Asian countries during the last decade. A thorough, well-designed, population-based, multi-regional epidemiologic study seems mandatory due to the substantial demographic and characteristic variability in IBD patients in our region.
Inflammatory bowel disease
Epidemiology
prevalence
Iran
2013
06
01
140
149
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44096_e6ab44573f219ab1ec6610a092c8d7ee.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous Valproate (Orifil) and Dexamethasone in Patients with Migraine Disorder
Kavian
Ghandehari
Mohsen
Foroughipour
Mojtaba
Khazaei
Fahimeh
Ahmadi
Keyvan
Shariatinezhad
Kosar
Ghandehari
Background: Intravenous Valproate (IVVP) has been used in the treatment of migraine in some studies; however, it is far better known in the management of status epilepticus. Methods: Consecutive patients with migraine in our Headache Clinic were enrolled in this prospective, randomized clinical trial in 2011. The patients were randomized into two therapeutic groups, one receiving 900 mg IVVP (Orifil) and the other 16 mg IV Dexamethasone (IVDEX) diluted in 150 CC normal saline and infused for 10 minutes. Worst severity of pain before treatment and least severity at 3 hours after the infusion using a 0-10 point numeric rating scale were recorded. An interview with the patient was performed 72 hours after treatment to detect a possible relapse of headache. Results: Thirty-one migraine status patients, comprising 28 women and 3 men at a mean±SD age of 33.355±12.373 SD, were investigated. Differences in the therapeutic effects of IVVP (Orifil) and IVDEX on pain score were not significant between the two groups (t=0.933, df=29; P=0.358). Relapse of headache occurred in 68.42% of the IVVP (Orifil) group and 66.67% of the IVDEX group. Distribution of relapse was not significantly different between the two therapeutic groups of patients (P=0.870). Conclusion: IVVP (Orifil) was similar in efficacy to IVDEX as abortive therapy in patients with migraine status. IVVP (Orifil) appears to offer a safe and well-tolerated abortive treatment. Trial Registration Number: IRCT13891146234N2
Valproic acid
Dexamethasone
Migraine Disorders
2013
06
01
150
155
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44097_11fde225ac496d5b3bcfbc9c19a995c5.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction and Sequence- Based Detection of Leishmania Infection of Sand Flies in Recently Emerged Endemic Focus of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Southern Iran
Abdollah
Badzohreh
Kourosh
Azizi
Bahador
Sarkari
Mohammad Reza
Fakoorziba
Mohsen
Kalantari
Mohammad
Djaefar Moemenbellah-Fard
Mohsen
Ali-Akbarpour
Background: Geographical distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) has continuously been extended in recent years in Iran. The Beiza District is one of the newly-emerged endemic foci of ZCL in southern Iran. The main aim of the present study was to detect the vector(s) of ZCL in this area. Methods: To detect the fauna and vectors of ZCL in this district, sand flies were caught using sticky papers. Seventy randomly selected female sand flies out of 730 were molecularly investigated for Leishmania infection using species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay between April and October 2010. Results: A total of 2543 sand flies were caught. The fauna was identified as 10 species (five Phlebotomus spp. and five Sergentomyia spp.). Phlebotomus papatasi was the most dominant species both indoors and outdoors (37.55% and 16.35 %, respectively). L. major was detected in 5 out of 48 investigated Phlebotomus papatasi (10.41%). Sequence-based characterization was carried out to confirm the PCR findings. The positive samples were shown to have 75-88% similarity with L. major sequences in GenBank. Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, similar to the other foci of ZCL in Iran, P. papatasi is the proven and primary vector of CL. This study could be drawn upon for future strategy planning in this newly emerged endemic focus.
Leishmaniasis
PCR
Sand flies
Phlebotomus papatasi
Leishmania Major
Iran
2013
06
01
156
162
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44098_f409ea261aa10e96b5464b1fefc67c12.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Effects of Pentoxifylline on Oxygenation and Exercise Tolerance in Patients with Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Seiyed Mohammad Ali
Ghayumi
Mohammad Javad
Fallahi
Ali Reza
Moarref
Background: It was hypothesized that the use of Pentoxifylline would increase arterial O2 saturation and increase exercise tolerance in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Methods: We tested this hypothesis in 23 patients with COPD and pulmonary hypertension. Patients were randomized to receive Pentoxifylline or placebo, each for a 12-week period, in a prospective, double-blind study to assess the effects of Pentoxifylline on oxygen saturation and exercise tolerance via pulse oximetry and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Results: At the end of the 12 weeks, the six-minute walk distance rose from 351.9±65 meters to 393±67 meters in the Pentoxifylline group (10 patients) and increased from 328±79 meters to 353±66 meters in the placebo group (10 patients) (P=0.142). Resting oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry changed from 87±4% to 85±14% in the Pentoxifylline group and from 88±3% to 88±2% in the placebo group (P=0.676). There were no significant changes in dyspnea severity index and heart rate before and after the 6MWT. Conclusion: Pentoxifylline does not seem to improve exercise capacity and dyspnea in patients with severe and very severe COPD. Trial Registration Number: IRCT201202018889N1
COPD
Oxygenation
Pentoxifylline
2013
06
01
163
168
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44099_b3d5430020f4f7cc536740b3e67a3cc2.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Esophagitis in Southern Iran; A Single-Center Experience
Khadijesadat
Najib
Mozhgan
Zahmatkeshan
Bita
Geramizadeh
Ebrahim
Fallahzadeh
Mahmood
Haghighat
Mohammad Hadi
Imanieh
Background: We sought to determine the clinical characteristics of pediatric esophagitis in southern Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a 4-year period, from 2005 to 2009, in Nemazee Hospital, a tertiary healthcare center in Shiraz, southern Iran. We consecutively included all pediatric patients (< 18 years) who underwent endoscopy in our center and had pathology-confirmed diagnosis of esophagitis. Data regarding the patients’ demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and clinical findings were recorded using a questionnaire. All the patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy of the esophagus, and the findings were recorded in the questionnaire. Results: We studied 125 children, comprising 61 (48.8%) girls and 64 (51.2%) boys at a mean age of 6.6±5.5 years. Repeated vomiting was the prominent symptom in our series, with it being reported by 75 (60%) patients, followed by fever in 35 (28%). Erythema (33.6%), esophageal ulcer (11.2%), and whitish patch (8.0%) were the most common endoscopic findings, while reflux esophagitis (32.8%), chronic (6.4%) and acute esophagitis (5.6%), and candida esophagitis (5.6%) were the most common histological diagnoses. Only one (0.8%) patient was diagnosed as having eosinophilic esophagitis, aspergillosis, and graft-versus-host disease. Conclusion: Reflux was the most common cause of esophagitis in the pediatric population of southern Iran. Contrary to previous reports, the prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis was far less than that estimated, while the prevalence of opportunistic infections was higher secondary to post-liver transplantation immunosuppression.
Esophagitis
Pediatrics
Reflux esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Iran
2013
06
01
169
173
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44100_c3211556d912a75b373d799d086ea190.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Cardiovascular Responses during Head-Down Crooked Kneeling Position Assumed in Muslim Prayers
Adamu Ahmad
Rufa’i
Hadeezah Hamu
Aliyu
Adetoyeje Yunoos
Oyeyemi
Adewale Lukman
Oyeyemi
Background: Movement dysfunction may be expressed in terms of symptoms experienced in non-physiological postures, and head-down crooked kneeling (HDCK) is a posture frequently assumed by Muslims during prayer activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular responses in the HDCK posture. Methods: Seventy healthy volunteers, comprising 35 males and 35 females, participated in the study. Cardiovascular parameters of blood pressure and pulse rate of the participants were measured in rested sitting position and then at one and three minutes into the HDCK posture. Two-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences between cardiovascular responses at rest and in the HDCK posture, and the Student t test was utilized to determine gender difference in cardiovascular responses at rest and at one and three minutes into the HDCK posture. Results: The study showed a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressures at one minute into the HDCK posture and an increase in pulse rate at one and three minutes into the HDCK posture, as compared to the resting values. Rate pressure product also rose at one minute into the HDCK posture, whereas pulse pressure increased at one and three minutes into the HDCK posture, as compared with the resting values. However, no significant change was observed in the mean arterial pressure values. Conclusion: The findings from this study suggest that no adverse cardiovascular event can be expected to occur for the normal duration of this posture during Muslim prayer activities
Cardiovascular system
Head-down
Muslim
Prayers
2013
06
01
174
179
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44101_c03bce10e2beaccab7974c565276b7df.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Antibacterial Activity of Thymus Syriacus Boiss Essential Oil and Its Components against Some Syrian Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolates
Ayman
Al-Mariri
Ghayath
Swied
Adnan
Oda
Laila
Al Hallab
Background: Despite the medical discoveries of different medicines and advanced ways of treatment, statistics have shown that the number of patients is increasing. This may be due to chemical drugs used in healthcare, agriculture, and diets. This soaring demand in medicines urges us to look for natural sources such as aromatic plants and essential oils, which are rich in efficient compounds. Methods: Extraction of essential oils was performed using a Clevenger-type apparatus. Identification was achieved using the GC-FID technique. Confirmation was made using the GC-MS technique, and isolation was done using a preparative HPLC, equipped with an aliquots collector. The microdilution broth susceptibility assay was utilized to determine minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Results: Our in vitro study demonstrated the antibacterial activity of the Thymus syriacus Boiss essential oil and its components against the tested isolates at levels between 0.375 and 50 µl/ml. The main components of the T. syriacus essential oil were carvacrol, γ-terpinene, and ß–caryophyllene. MIC90 values for the T. syriacus essential oil against the gram-negative organisms varied between 3.125 and 12.5 µl/ml. The most effective components against the gram-negative bacteria were thymol, carvacrol, dihydro-carvon, and linalool respectively. Conclusions: The T. syriacus essential oil and some of its components exhibited very good inhibitory effects against Syrian gram-negative isolates.
Essential oils
Gram-negative bacteria
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
2013
06
01
180
186
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44102_929e341bd275fb9526dfa3a54d5e307d.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Anti-Nuclear Antibodies in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome before and after Laparoscopic Electrocauterization
Nasrollah
Erfani
Nazanin
Karimaghaei
Mohammad Ebrahim
Parsanezhad
Mahyar
Malekzadeh
Mohammad
Mehrazmay
Alamtaj
Samsami Dehaghani
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been suggested to be linked with autoimmune processes. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocauterization has the potency to stimulate more autoimmune reactions in PCOS patients. In the present study, we considered anti-nuclear antibodies (ANAs) as the hallmark of autoimmune reactions, and investigated the serum level of these antibodies in 35 patients with PCOS (21-38 years old) pre and one-month after electrocauterization, and in 35 fertile healthy women (25-35 years old) as the control group. Serum levels of ANAs, as well as ANA subtyping, were investigated using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). While 3 out of the 35 patients (8.6%) were positive for ANAs before electrocauterization, none of the controls was positive. The number of ANA-positive cases increased following electrocauterization (3 out of 35 [8.6%] before vs. 10 out of 35 [28.6%] after the procedure). The main ANA subtype in the positive samples was SS-A. The higher ANA level among the PCOS patients suggests association of the disease with autoimmune reactions. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocauterization seems to increase the number of positive-ANA patients.
Anti-nuclear autoantibodie
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Laparoscopic ovarian
2013
06
01
187
190
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44103_550b662a621a5712f1d38a13b26a065a.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
MSX1 Mutation in Witkop Syndrome; A Case Report
Majid
Fardaei
Faezeh
Ghaderi
Somaye
Hekmat
Reza
Ghaderi
The Witkop syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by the absence of several teeth and abnormalities of the nails. This is the first report of a rare genetic tooth and nail syndrome diagnosed in a 2.5-year-old boy with early exfoliation of the primary canine, absence of the primary incisors, and nail dysplasia. A homozygous mutation was identified in 3’-UTR of MSX1 gene in the proband. The parents of the patient had no dental and nail anomalies.
Witkop syndrome
MSX1
Nail dysplasia
2013
06
01
191
194
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44104_ebdb777d8cb2911e35d20ecebb0da404.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Reactivation of Cytomegalovirus in a Patient with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome-Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Mohamed Rida
Tagajdid
Taoufik
Doblali
Hicham
Elannaz
Salaheddine
Hammi
Bouchra
Belfequih
Saâd
Mrani
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs. We describe the case of a 19 year old patient with SJS/TEN overlap syndrome, who developed severe interstitial pneumonia after she had received antiepileptic drugs. A cytomegalovirus infection was diagnosed by Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) detection on Bronchoalveolar lavage. Based on observations on biological data, temporal relationship, and clinical features, it could be inferred that the reactivation of cytomegalovirus with viral replication can predispose a person to TEN-SJS. We discuss here, in the light of the current literature, the probable association between drug-induced SJS-TEN and fulminant reactivation of cytomegalovirus.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Cytomegalovirus
Pneumonia
2013
06
01
195
197
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44105_14a07299e127071e03fe58fd7ea2f1b5.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Pyrexia in a Patient with Megaloblastic Anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review
Kevin
Manuel
Somanath
Padhi
Renu G’Boy
Varghese
Deficiency of vitamin B12 and/or folic acid as a cause of pyrexia, though known, is rarely reported in literature. We aimed to report a case in a 51 year old woman, who presented with fever and pancytopenia and was diagnosed to have megaloblastic anemia secondary to vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. The pyrexia subsided following the intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 and oral folic acid administration. All the other infective, inflammatory/autoimmune, endocrine causes of pyrexia were excluded by appropriate investigations. Therefore, we suggest that all physicians be aware of megaloblastic anemia as a treatable cause of pyrexia in order to avoid unnecessary costly investigations and antibiotic usage.
Megaloblastic anemia
Pyrexia
Vitamin B12
Folic acid
2013
06
01
198
201
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44106_af2f8961fb39b708b5215c0c7578a7e5.pdf
Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences
0253-0716
0253-0716
2013
38
June Supplement 2013
Cultural Differences and Importance of Somatic Symptoms Could Provide Hidden Clues and Potential Management Options for Depressed Patients with Suicidal Ideation
Thomas I.
Lemon
2013
06
01
202
203
https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_44107_b828e45a8cc8e7cb52e4e67f6ce09370.pdf