TY - JOUR ID - 48060 TI - Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Opium Abuse and its Association with Coronary Artery Risk Factors in Adult Population in Iran: Findings from Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors Study JO - Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences JA - IJMS LA - en SN - 0253-0716 AU - Najafipour, Hamid AU - Masoumi, Mohammad AU - Amirzadeh, Rahele AU - Rostamzadeh, Farzaneh AU - Foad, Rahim AU - Shadkam Farrokhi, Mitra AD - Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AD - Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AD - Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute of Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AD - Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AD - Gastroenterology and Hepathology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Y1 - 2022 PY - 2022 VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 328 EP - 337 KW - Opium dependence KW - prevalence KW - Incidence KW - Coronary artery disease KW - Risk factors DO - 10.30476/ijms.2021.89898.2065 N2 - Background: The prevalence of opium addiction in Iran is high probably due to the belief that opium has preventive effects against cardiovascular diseases. In the second phase of Kerman coronary artery disease risk factors study, the prevalence, incidence rate, and the association between opium use and other coronary artery disease risk factors (CADRFs) were assessed.Methods: In a cross-sectional study (2014-2018), 9996 inhabitants of Kerman, southeastern Iran, aged 15-80 years were recruited to the study. After taking fasting blood samples, the participants were examined or interviewed for demographic data and CADRFs, including opium use. The participants were categorized into “never”, “occasional”, and “dependent” users. The association between opium use and CADRFs was assessed with adjusted regression analysis (Stata v.11 software). Results: The overall prevalence of opium consumption was lower than that of five years earlier (P<0.01). The prevalence was currently higher in men than women and decreased in men between the two phases (P<0.001). There was a positive correlation between opium use and depression (P<0.001), anxiety (P<0.05), and a negative association with the level of physical activity (P<0.001). The five-year incident rate of dependent and occasional opium use was 4.2 and 3.9 persons/100 person-years, respectively. The incidence of opium use was higher in diabetic, hypertensive, depressed, anxious, and obese subjects.Conclusion: The study did not demonstrate any protective effects of opium on CADRFs. Considering the higher rate of opium use in subjects with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and psychological disorders, the health authorities should implement educational programs to warn and correct the unsafe belief. UR - https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_48060.html L1 - https://ijms.sums.ac.ir/article_48060_3fe66d09d4f7fa0f6df12862fb1279af.pdf ER -