Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis in Children: A Case Report

Khademi, Gholam Reza; Aelami, Mohammad Hasan

Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis in Children: A Case Report

Document Type : Case Report(s)

Authors

Gholam Reza Khademi ¹

Mohammad Hasan Aelami ²

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Sheikh Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

² Department of Pediatrics & Infection Control and Hand Hygiene Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a rare demyelinating disease characterized by an acute rapidly progressive fulminant inflammation of the white matter. In this case report, we introduce a case of AHLE in children with an interesting and lengthy process and successful treatment.A previously healthy 13-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of fever and loss of consciousness. After 4 days, she was referred to our pediatric intensive care unit in Mashhad, Iran. On admission, she had right-sided parotiditis. With a diagnosis of AHLE, our patient was treated with methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, acyclovir, and plasmapheresis.AHLE is a rare and severe demyelinating disease, the mortality and morbidity of which can be decreased by early detection and treatment with steroid therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, acyclovir, and plasmapheresis.

Keywords

Leukoencephalitis

Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis

Acute disseminated

Demyelinating diseases

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